Point Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients among Different Specialties at MTI Khyber Teaching Hospital in Peshawar

Authors

  • Suleman Elahi Malik
  • Iqbal Haider
  • Romesa Akhtar Khattak
  • Sidra Bibi
  • Hammad Naeem
  • Marhaba Iqbal

Keywords:

Point Prevalence, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Indications, Admission Rate, Treatment Regimen

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The main goal of this research study was to analyze the profile and prevalence of type 2 diabetic patients admitted to the MTI Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar.

METHODOLOGY: A hospital-based point prevalence cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out as a pilot project in November 2022 at MTI Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan. Patients satisfying the inclusion and exclusion criteria enrolled in the study, and a non-probability consecutive sampling technique was used.

RESULTS: A total of 850 patients were admitted during the study period; out of them, 24.7% had type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The mean length of hospital stay was significantly high among T2DM patients (p <0.01). Moreover, there were statistically significant differences ?2(2) = 94.67, p <0.01, in the mode of admission among the T2DM patients, with fewer cases shifted from other units compared to ER and OPD. The antidiabetic regimen prescribed during the hospitalization included an oral antidiabetic regimen (36.9%), oral plus twice-daily insulin regimen (19.63%), and basal-bolus insulin (15.07%). CCU and ophthalmology ward had the highest proportion of admissions of T2DM patients (40% each). Patients were admitted for various indications; 11.0% were admitted due to diabetic foot ulcer, 9.5% for elective surgery, 9.55% had acute coronary syndrome (ACS), and 9.0% had diabetic kidney disease.

Conclusion: Patients admitted exhibited a high prevalence of T2DM. We highlighted some of the substantial characteristics of these patients attending various specialties.

References

Cho NH, Shaw JE, Karuranga S, Huang Y, da Rocha Fernandes JD. IDF Diabetes Atlas: global estimates of diabetes prevalence for 2017 and projections for 2045. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2018; 138: 1872-227.

Yusuf Mohamud M, Omar Jeele M. Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding lifestyle modification among type 2 diabetes patients with cardiovascular disease at a Tertiary Hospital in Somalia. Ann Med Surg. 2022; 79: 103883.

Uthman M, Ullah Z, Shah N. Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) Survey of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. PJMHS. 2015; 9(1): 351-355.

Umeh A, Nkombua L. A study of the knowledge and practice of lifestyle modification in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Middelburg sub-district of Mpumalanga. SAFP. 2017; 60(1): 26-30.

Sun H, Saeedi P, Karuranga S, Pinkepank M, Ogurtsova K. IDF Diabetes Atlas: Global, regional and country-level diabetes prevalence estimates for 2021 and projections for 2045. Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. 2022; 183: 109119.

Kufeldt J, Kovarova M, Adolph M, Staiger H, Bamberg M. Prevalence and distribution of diabetes mellitus in a maximum care hospital: urgent need for HbA1c-screening. Exp. Clin. Endocrinol. Diabetes. 2018; 126(02): 123-129

Basit A, Fawwad A, Qureshi H, Shera AS, NDSP Members. Prevalence of diabetes, prediabetes and associated risk factors: second National Diabetes Survey of Pakistan (NDSP), 2016-2017. BMJ Open. 2018; 8: e02096

Choi J, Booth G, Jung HY, Lapointe-Shaw L, Tang T. Association of diabetes with frequency and cost of hospital admissions: a retrospective cohort study. CMAJ. 2021; 9(2): E406-12.

Younis H, Younis S, Ahmad S. Awareness regarding complications of type II diabetes mellitus among diabetics in Karachi, Pakistan. IJEHSR. 2019; 7(1): 47-54.

Aamir AH, Ul-Haq Z, Fazid S, Shah BH, Raza A. Type 2 diabetes prevalence in Pakistan: What is driving this? Clues from subgroup analysis of normal weight individuals in diabetes prevalence survey of Pakistan. Cardiovasc. Endocrinol. Metab. 2020; 9(4): 159.

Sayin N, Kara N, Pekel G. Ocular complications of diabetes mellitus. World J Diabetes. 2015; 6(1): 92-108

Mabaso RG, Oduntan OA. Prevalence and causes of visual impairment and blindness among adults with diabetes mellitus aged 40 years and older receiving treatment at government health facilities in the Mopani District, South Africa. AVEH. 2014; 73(1): 8-15.

Lewis AD, Hogg RE, Chandran M, Musonda L, North L, et al. Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and visual impairment in patients with diabetes mellitus in Zambia. Eye. 2018; 32(1): 1201-1208

Lartey SY, Aikins AK. Visual impairment amongst adult diabetics attending a tertiary outpatient clinic, Kumasi, Ghana. Ghana Med J. 2018;52(2):84–87

Kyari F, Tafida A, Sivasubramaniam S, Murthy GVS, Peto T. Prevalence and risk factors for diabetes and diabetic retinopathy: results from the Nigeria national blindness and visual impairment survey. BMC Public Health. 2014; 14(1): 1-12.

Kahloun R, Jelliti B, Zaouali S, Attia S. Prevalence and causes of visual impairment in diabetic patients in Tunisia, North Africa Eye. 2014; 28(8): 986-991.

Ayukotang EN, Kumah DB, Mohammed AK. Prevalence of visual impairment among diabetic patients in the Kumba urban area, Cameroon. Int J Innov Appl Stud. 2016; 15(4): 872–876 .

Zaheer S, Fatima Zeb T, Baloch A, Amin R, Amjad Z. The multifactorial burden of Type 2 Diabetes mellitus: a study from clinical settings of University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. IJEHSR. 2020; 8(4): 275-287.

Schuetz P, Castro P, Shapiro NI. Diabetes and sepsis: preclinical findings and clinical relevance. Diabetes Care. 2011; 34(3): 771-778.

International Diabetes Federation. IDF diabetes atlas. 7th ed. Brussels: International Diabetes Federation; 2015.

International Diabetes Federation. Diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Brussels: International Diabetes Federation; 2016. p. 1-144.

Sarwar N, Gao P, Seshasai SR, Gobin R, Kaptoge S. Diabetes mellitus, fasting blood glucose concentration, and risk of vascular disease: a collaborative meta-analysis of 102 prospective studies. Emerging risk factors collaboration. Lancet. 2010; 375: 2215-2222.

Elsayed AM, Elbadawy AM, Ibrahim WM, Sallama M, Abd El Moniem RO. Indications and Outcome of Admission of Patients with Diabetes Into Benha University Hospitals, Egypt: A Prospective Study. Benha Med J. 2021; 38(1): 266-279.

Imran M, Begum S, Kandhro AH, Ahmed N, Qasim R. The management of glycemic control in associated disorders. IJEHSR. 2017; 5(2): 37-32.

Batule S, Ramos A, Pérez-Montes de Oca A, Fuentes N, Martínez S. Comparison of Glycemic Variability and Hypoglycemic Evens in Hospitalized Older Adults Treated with Basal Insulin plus Vildagliptin and Basal–Bolus Insulin Regimen: A Prospective Randomized Study. J Clin Med. 2022; 11(10): 2813.

Zaman Huri H, Permalu V, Vethakkan SR. Sliding-scale versus basal-bolus insulin in the management of severe or acute hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes patients: A retrospective study. Plos One. 2014; 9(9): e106505.

Al-Adsani AMS, Abdulla KAK. Reasons for hospitalizations in adults with diabetes in Kuwait. Int J Diabetes Mellit. 2015; 3(1): 65-6.

Negera GZ, Weldegebriel B, Fekadu G. Acute complications of diabetes and its predictors among adult diabetic patients at Jimma medical center, Southwest Ethiopia. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2020; 13: 1237.

The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guideline [NG28]. Type 2 diabetes in adults: management. Published: 02 December 2015. Last updated: 28 August 2019.

Kefale AT, EshetieTC, Gudina EK. Hospitalization Pattern and Treatment Outcome Among Diabetic Patients Admitted to a Teaching Hospital in Ethiopia: A Prospective Observational Study. J Health Sci Med. 2016; 28: 3441.

Downloads

Published

27-09-2023

How to Cite

1.
Malik SE, Haider I, Akhtar Khattak R, Bibi S, Naeem H, Iqbal M. Point Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients among Different Specialties at MTI Khyber Teaching Hospital in Peshawar. J Liaq Uni Med Health Sci [Internet]. 2023 Sep. 27 [cited 2024 Dec. 22];22(03):185-9. Available from: http://121.52.154.205/index.php/jlumhs/article/view/1114

Issue

Vol. 22 No. 03 (2023): Journal of Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences

Section

Original Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Submission of a manuscript to the journal implies that all authors have read and agreed to the content of the undertaking form or the Terms and Conditions.

When an article is accepted for publication, the author(s) retain the copyright and are required to grant the publisher the right of first publication and other non-exclusive publishing rights to JLUMHS.

Articles published in the Journal of Liaquat University of Medical & health sciences are open access articles under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial - Share Alike 4.0 License. This license permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium; provided the original work is properly cited and initial publication in this journal. This is in accordance with the BOAI definition of open access. In addition to that users are allowed to remix, tweak and build upon the work non-commercially as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. Or, in certain cases it can be stated that all articles and content there in are published under creative commons license unless stated otherwise.