HIV infection versus Viral Hepatitis B and C: Stigma and Discrimination experienced by HIV/AIDS patients in Public Hospitals -, Sindh Pakistan
Keywords:
HIV, AIDS, Hepatitis, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis CAbstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) impairs the immune system and causes Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) - an advanced stage of HIV infection. HIV/AIDS is a global health problem. To date, 43 million persons have died due to AIDS-related illnesses, and 40 million persons are living with HIV/AIDS worldwide. There is no cure, but with antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV infection has become a manageable chronic health condition.
References
Organization WH. HIV and AIDS. WHO. 28 July 2024. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hiv-aids
Science Daily. Viral Hepatitis more deadly than HIV in Europe. Science Daily. April 11, 2014. Available from: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/ 04/140411091836.htm
Yang R, Yuan R, Gui X, Ke H, Zhuang K, Hu H et al. Characteristics of Hepatitis B Virus, Hepatitis C Virus, and Syphilis Coinfection in People With HIV/AIDS Contracted Through Different Sources: Retrospective Study. JMIR Public Health Survell. 2024; 10: e46750. doi: 10.2196/46750.
Hullett A. Hepatitis B is Much More Contagious Than HIV: What to Know. Health Line. 2024; Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv/is-hep-b-more-contagious-than-hiv.
Teshale AB, Tesema GA. Discriminatory attitude towards people living with HIV/AIDS and its associated factors among adult population in 15 sub-Saharan African nations. PLoS One. 2022; 17(2): e0261978. Doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261978.
UNAIDS. Deported, denied access, discriminated against because of their HIV status. UNAIDS. 27 June 2019. Available from: https://www.unaids.org/en/ resources/presscentre/featurestories/ 2019/june/20190627_deported.
Noman R, Naeem Z, Zaman A, Gul S. Stigma and Discrimination Experienced by People Living with HIV/AIDS at Healthcare Facilities in Karachi, Pakistan. SMU Med J. 2015; 2(1): 127-138.
Muqadam R. For the first time in Pakistan, Hospital sued for HIV discrimination. Aaj News.June 07, 2023. Available from: https://english.aaj.tv/news/30323725/for-the-first-time-in-pakistan-hospital-sued-for-hiv-discrimination.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Submission of a manuscript to the journal implies that all authors have read and agreed to the content of the undertaking form or the Terms and Conditions.
When an article is accepted for publication, the author(s) retain the copyright and are required to grant the publisher the right of first publication and other non-exclusive publishing rights to JLUMHS.
Articles published in the Journal of Liaquat University of Medical & health sciences are open access articles under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial - Share Alike 4.0 License. This license permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium; provided the original work is properly cited and initial publication in this journal. This is in accordance with the BOAI definition of open access. In addition to that users are allowed to remix, tweak and build upon the work non-commercially as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. Or, in certain cases it can be stated that all articles and content there in are published under creative commons license unless stated otherwise.