HIV infection versus Viral Hepatitis B and C: Stigma and Discrimination experienced by HIV/AIDS patients in Public Hospitals -, Sindh Pakistan

Authors

  • Nasreen Inayat Bughio

Keywords:

HIV, AIDS, Hepatitis, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C

Abstract

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) impairs the immune system and causes Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) - an advanced stage of HIV infection. HIV/AIDS is a global health problem. To date, 43 million persons have died due to AIDS-related illnesses, and 40 million persons are living with HIV/AIDS worldwide. There is no cure, but with antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV infection has become a manageable chronic health condition.

References

Organization WH. HIV and AIDS. WHO. 28 July 2024. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hiv-aids

Science Daily. Viral Hepatitis more deadly than HIV in Europe. Science Daily. April 11, 2014. Available from: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/ 04/140411091836.htm

Yang R, Yuan R, Gui X, Ke H, Zhuang K, Hu H et al. Characteristics of Hepatitis B Virus, Hepatitis C Virus, and Syphilis Coinfection in People With HIV/AIDS Contracted Through Different Sources: Retrospective Study. JMIR Public Health Survell. 2024; 10: e46750. doi: 10.2196/46750.

Hullett A. Hepatitis B is Much More Contagious Than HIV: What to Know. Health Line. 2024; Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv/is-hep-b-more-contagious-than-hiv.

Teshale AB, Tesema GA. Discriminatory attitude towards people living with HIV/AIDS and its associated factors among adult population in 15 sub-Saharan African nations. PLoS One. 2022; 17(2): e0261978. Doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261978.

UNAIDS. Deported, denied access, discriminated against because of their HIV status. UNAIDS. 27 June 2019. Available from: https://www.unaids.org/en/ resources/presscentre/featurestories/ 2019/june/20190627_deported.

Noman R, Naeem Z, Zaman A, Gul S. Stigma and Discrimination Experienced by People Living with HIV/AIDS at Healthcare Facilities in Karachi, Pakistan. SMU Med J. 2015; 2(1): 127-138.

Muqadam R. For the first time in Pakistan, Hospital sued for HIV discrimination. Aaj News.June 07, 2023. Available from: https://english.aaj.tv/news/30323725/for-the-first-time-in-pakistan-hospital-sued-for-hiv-discrimination.

Downloads

Published

08-10-2024

How to Cite

1.
Bughio NI. HIV infection versus Viral Hepatitis B and C: Stigma and Discrimination experienced by HIV/AIDS patients in Public Hospitals -, Sindh Pakistan. J Liaq Uni Med Health Sci [Internet]. 2024 Oct. 8 [cited 2024 Nov. 15];23(03):167-8. Available from: http://121.52.154.205/index.php/jlumhs/article/view/1488