Evaluation of Anti-Diabetic, Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Gossypium herbaceum and Grewia asiatica in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rabbits
Keywords:
Diabetes Mellitus, Gossypium herbaceum, Grewia asiatica, Antioxidative Enzymes, TNF-α, MetforminAbstract
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the dose-dependent antidiabetic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties of methanolic extracts of Gossypium herbaceum and Grewia asiatica against standard drugs (Metformin and Gliclazide) using an alloxan-induced diabetic rabbit model.
METHODOLOGY: All animal experiments for this prospective study were conducted from October to November 2024 at the Department of Pharmacology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, Pakistan, using an alloxan-induced diabetic rabbit model. Sixty male Albino rabbits were divided randomly into 10 groups (n=6). Diabetes was induced using alloxan monohydrate. Over 10 days, test groups received daily oral treatments of methanolic extracts of varying doses of G. herbaceum or G. asiatica, respectively. The standard groups received Metformin or Gliclazide; serum glucose, antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase were measured.
RESULTS: Baseline characteristics were comparable across various groups (p>0.05). Diabetes induction significantly reduced antioxidant enzyme activity in untreated diabetic controls compared with normal controls. Treatment with plant extracts and standard drugs significantly improved these parameters, with dose-dependent increases in GPx and SOD levels after administration of Grewia asiatica and Gossypium herbaceum. Higher doses of plant extracts showed significant restoration of enzyme activity, similar to that of standard drugs. TNF-? levels in the diabetic control group were significantly elevated and reduced dose-dependently by plant extracts, with higher doses achieving levels similar to those of standard antidiabetic therapy.
CONCLUSION: Gossypium herbaceum and Grewia asiatica have enhanced glycemic regulation, oxidative stress reduction, and systemic inflammation reduction, using methanolic extracts of the plants. Their efficacy is similar to that of conventional oral antidiabetic medications.
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